Examination method of fundus lesions
Fundus disease refers to the abnormal changes of retina, choroid and vitreous caused by various ocular diseases. There are many methods for examination of fundus lesions, including the following commonly used methods:
1. Fundus examination: Fundus examination is a common method for experienced doctors to observe fundus tissue by magnifying fundus images. The doctor will use a special eyeground lens to irradiate light into the eye, and evaluate the degree of fundus lesions by observing the magnified image.
2. OCT examination: OCT (optical coherence tomography) is one of the most advanced fundus examination technologies at present. It uses optical principles to scan fundus tissues and generate high-resolution cross-sectional images of fundus. OCT examination can help doctors accurately diagnose various fundus diseases, such as macular epiretinal membrane, choroidal neovascularization, etc.
3. Fluorescein contrast examination: Fluorescein contrast examination is an examination method by injecting fluorescein dye and then observing fundus blood vessels with a special camera. By observing the operation of fluorescein in fundus blood vessels, doctors can assess the extent and scope of fundus lesions.
4. Visual field inspection: the doctor observes the peripheral visual field range and sensitivity of the patient by letting the patient stare at a point. This examination can help doctors judge whether there is visual field defect caused by fundus lesions.
Treatment of fundus lesions
The treatment methods for fundus lesions vary according to the etiology and condition. Common treatment methods include the following:
1. Drug treatment: For early fundus diseases, some fundus diseases with clear etiology can be controlled by drug treatment. For example, glaucoma patients can reduce intraocular pressure by dropping eyedrops, and diabetic patients can control blood sugar by taking orally drugs or insulin.
2. Laser therapy: Laser therapy is a common way to treat fundus diseases. Common laser treatments include laser photocoagulation, laser welding, etc. Laser therapy can be used to treat macular hole, diabetic retinopathy and other fundus diseases.
3. Injection therapy: injection therapy is a method to treat fundus lesions by injecting drugs into the eyes. Common injection drugs include anti VEGF drugs, steroids, etc. Injection therapy is applicable to some fundus diseases whose etiology is not clear or can not be treated surgically.
4. Surgical treatment: For some serious fundus diseases, surgical treatment may be a necessary choice. Common fundus operations include vitrectomy, retinal reattachment, etc. Surgical treatment usually requires an experienced ophthalmologist.
Prevention and precautions of fundus lesions
The prevention of fundus lesions is very important. The following are some preventive measures and precautions:
1. Regular physical examination: A complete ophthalmic physical examination, including fundus examination, should be carried out once a year to detect fundus lesions at an early stage.
2. Control of chronic diseases: It is particularly important for patients with diabetes and hypertension to maintain good control of blood sugar and blood pressure.
3. Quit smoking and limit drinking: long-term smoking and excessive drinking will increase the risk of eyeground lesions.
4. Pay attention to eye hygiene: long-term eye use and excessive eye use may lead to fundus lesions. Pay attention to eye hygiene and rest your eyes at proper time.
summary
Fundus diseases are a kind of common and serious eye diseases, which pose a threat to vision health. Through the examination and treatment of fundus lesions, diseases can be found and controlled early to avoid further damage. Regular ophthalmic physical examination and reasonable preventive measures are very important for the prevention of fundus diseases.
