What is the medical principle of IVF in China
Test tube baby technology, namely assisted reproductive technology (ART), is a medical means aimed at solving the problem of infertility. It involves many steps and medical principles, from ovulation induction therapy to in vitro fertilization and embryo implantation. The medical principles of IVF in China will be described in detail in the following four aspects: hormone therapy, egg collection, sperm treatment and embryo culture.
1. Hormone treatment
IVF technology first involves hormone therapy, which aims to promote women to produce multiple mature eggs. Usually, in a woman's natural cycle, she only releases one egg. In order to increase the success rate of ovum retrieval, doctors will inject ovulation stimulating hormone into women. These hormones stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple follicles and make them mature. Hormone therapy has certain risks, such as multiple follicle syndrome and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Therefore, doctors need to carefully monitor patients' responses and adjust the dose as needed.
At this stage, ultrasound and blood tests are generally performed to understand the number and size of follicles, and monitor the hormone level of patients. Once the follicle is fully developed, the doctor will make an appointment for egg collection.
2. Egg collection
Egg collection is one of the important steps in IVF technology. In this operation, doctors use a slender needle guided by ultrasound to puncture the vaginal wall of women, enter the ovary, and then extract eggs. Local anesthesia is usually used in this process to reduce the discomfort of patients.
The collected eggs need to be immediately transferred to laboratory technicians for blastocyst culture and sperm treatment. The egg collection operation only takes a short time, but there may be some complications, such as bleeding and infection risks, so patients need to carefully choose a formal hospital.
3. Sperm treatment
Sperm processing is one of the key steps in IVF technology. After egg collection, doctors will collect appropriate sperm. If the quality of men's sperm is poor or they cannot provide sperm, then they can use methods such as sperm donation and single women's sperm bank to obtain sperm.
In sperm processing, laboratory technicians purify the collected sperm and remove low-quality sperm. Then they choose the best sperm to combine with the egg. This process can be either conventional in vitro fertilization or direct injection of a single sperm through micromanipulation, which is called single sperm injection.
4. Embryo culture
After fertilization, the eggs will continue to grow into embryos. In the laboratory, embryos are placed in special Petri dishes to provide proper nutrition and environmental conditions. Laboratory technicians regularly check the development of embryos and select the best embryos for implantation.
The time of embryo culture is usually 2-6 days, and the doctor will select the appropriate culture time according to the specific situation and quality of the patient. Once the embryo has reached the ideal stage, doctors will carry out embryo implantation and transfer the embryo back to the female uterus.
Summary
The medical principle of IVF in China involves many aspects, such as hormone therapy, egg collection, sperm treatment and embryo culture. Hormone therapy promotes women to produce multiple mature eggs. Egg collection uses surgical techniques to obtain eggs from the ovary. Sperm processing purification and selection of high-quality sperm to combine with eggs provide suitable environmental conditions for embryo culture. The scientific application of these steps makes IVF technology an effective way to solve the problem of infertility.
