Principle and process of IVF
IVF is a kind of assisted reproduction technology. Through in vitro fertilization and embryo culture, the fertilized eggs are re implanted into the mother's uterus to achieve artificial assisted reproduction. The principle and process of IVF technology can be described from the following aspects.
Aspect 1: Ovulation promotion and egg collection
The first step of IVF is ovulation induction and egg collection. Use ovulation promoting drugs to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple follicles at an appropriate time in a woman's menstrual cycle to increase the chance of pregnancy. Through regular gynecological examination and ultrasonic monitoring, doctors can determine the size and number of follicles. When the follicle develops to an appropriate stage, the doctor will perform an egg collection operation, remove the egg through needle aspiration technology, and then store it in a culture dish.
Next, the doctor will conduct in vitro fertilization of the collected eggs and the spouse's sperm.
Aspect 2: In vitro fertilization and embryo culture
In vitro fertilization refers to the combination of the collected eggs and the sperm of their spouses in the laboratory under certain conditions. Put the eggs and sperm in the culture dish, provide suitable culture medium and temperature, and let the fertilization process occur naturally. In order to increase the success rate, sometimes the single sperm injection (ICSI) technique is used to select the healthiest and most active sperm to inject into the egg.
After fertilization, eggs will be cultured in the incubator to provide suitable culture medium and temperature. Doctors will observe and evaluate the development of embryos, and select the most promising embryos for transplantation according to specific criteria. Usually, within 2-6 days after fertilization, the embryo will develop to a sufficient stage and be ready for transplantation.
Aspect 3: Embryo transfer
Embryo transfer is a key step in the IVF program. The doctor will select one or more embryos with the most potential for development and place them in the mother's uterus using a thin tube. This process is usually painless and does not require anesthesia.
After embryo transfer, doctors may recommend that women continue to take progesterone or other similar drugs for a period of time to help maintain the thickness of the endometrium and provide the best conditions for embryo implantation. About 10-14 days later, women will be tested for pregnancy to see if they are successful.
Aspect 4: Auxiliary technology improvement and success rate improvement
With the progress of science and technology, IVF technology is also developing and improving. Some auxiliary technologies, such as embryo incubator, laser early embryo evaluation, embryo chromosome screening and gene mutation screening, can help doctors better select embryos with the highest development potential for transplantation, thus improving the success rate.
In addition, the success rate of IVF technology is also related to the experience and technical level of hospitals. Choosing a formal and qualified hospital for IVF surgery can improve the success rate and ensure postoperative medical services.
summary
IVF is an assisted reproductive technology through in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Its principle and process include key steps such as ovulation induction and egg collection, in vitro fertilization and embryo culture, embryo transfer, and auxiliary technology improvement and success rate improvement. With the continuous progress of science and technology, the success rate of IVF technology continues to improve, providing a possibility for couples who cannot conceive naturally to achieve their reproductive aspirations. Although IVF technology has achieved great success in solving fertility problems, we should also recognize that the use of this technology needs to carefully weigh the advantages and disadvantages to ensure that it is carried out within the ethical and legal framework.
