What are the treatment methods of IVF?
IVF is a kind of assisted reproductive technology, which is widely used to help couples who are difficult to conceive naturally due to physiological reasons to achieve their reproductive aspirations. In vitro fertilization embryo transfer (IVF-ET), egg donation, sperm donation and surrogacy are the treatment methods of IVF. These treatments are described in detail below.
In vitro fertilization embryo transfer (IVF-ET)
In vitro fertilization embryo transfer is the most commonly used method for IVF treatment. The method comprises the steps of: firstly, promoting the ovarian development and producing multiple follicles through the wife's ovarian stimulation treatment; Then, the eggs and sperm are fertilized in vitro by ultrasound guided ovarian puncture technology; Then, the fertilized eggs are cultured and developed into embryos; Finally, the well developed embryo is transferred into the wife's uterus. This method is very suitable for a variety of infertility patients, such as fallopian tube obstruction, ovulation disorders, male sperm abnormalities. In China, some large public hospitals such as Peking Union Medical College Hospital and Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University provide in vitro fertilization embryo transfer services.
However, IVF-ET also has some risks and limitations. Among them, embryo transfer failure, multiple pregnancy and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome are the most common complications. Therefore, when conducting treatment, doctors usually formulate individualized treatment plans according to the specific conditions of each patient to reduce the risk and improve the success rate.
Egg donation
Egg donation is an option for IVF treatment, which is applicable to women who are difficult to conceive due to their own egg quality problems. The principle of this treatment is to fertilize the donor's egg and her husband's sperm in vitro, and then transfer the fertilized egg into the uterus of the treated woman. Egg donation can be carried out in several public hospitals in China, such as Beijing Maternity Hospital and Shanghai Ruijin Hospital.
However, egg donation is accompanied by some ethical and legal issues. The donor and the woman receiving treatment need to sign a contract and remain anonymous to protect the privacy of both parties. In addition, egg donation may also cause psychological and emotional pressure, because the fetus in the womb is not from the treated woman's own eggs.
Sperm donation
Sperm donation is an option to help male couples with abnormal sperm or azoospermia achieve fertility. In this treatment, the donor's sperm will be fertilized in vitro with his wife's egg and then transplanted into his wife's uterus. Sperm donation can be carried out in public hospitals with relevant technologies and qualifications, such as Beijing PLA General Hospital and Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University.
However, sperm donation also has some potential risks and problems. First, it is necessary to ensure that the donor's sperm is free from genetic diseases. Secondly, infection and rejection may occur during transplantation. In view of this, doctors will strictly screen and test donated sperm to ensure the safety and effectiveness of treatment.
Surrogacy
For women who are unable to conceive or have severe pregnancy complications, surrogacy is a feasible treatment. Surrogate refers to the transfer of a fertilized egg into the uterus of another woman, who will assume the responsibility of pregnancy and childbirth and hand over the newborn to the couple in need. At present, China has not yet made clear whether surrogacy is fully legalized, so it is necessary to carefully select surrogate institutions and countries.
summary
IVF treatment includes in vitro fertilization embryo transfer, egg donation, sperm donation and surrogacy. Each treatment mode has its indications and limitations, and is accompanied by different risks and problems. Patients should try to follow the doctor's advice when choosing treatment methods, and fully understand the relevant legal and ethical issues. Through proper treatment, many couples can achieve their fertility aspirations.
