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What are the specific steps of IVF?

What are the specific steps of IVF?



Specific steps of IVF

IVF is a kind of assisted reproductive technology. Through in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer, infertile couples can realize their dreams of fertility. The specific steps of IVF will be described in detail below.

Step 1: hormone therapy

The first step in IVF is hormone therapy. This step aims to stimulate the ovary to produce multiple follicles through hormone injection to increase the chance of fertilization. Generally, hormone injection starts on the second day of menstruation and takes place within 10 to 14 days. During this period, regular ultrasound and blood tests are required to monitor follicular development. When the follicles are mature, they are ready for egg retrieval. There may be some side effects during hormone therapy, such as polycystic ovary syndrome, overstimulation syndrome, etc., so patients need to closely cooperate with doctors in treatment planning and monitoring.

Step 2: Take eggs

Egg retrieval is a key step in IVF. Usually, egg retrieval is performed within 36 hours after the follicle matures. Patients usually receive local anesthesia or general anesthesia. Doctors use ultrasound guidance to insert a slender needle into the ovary and extract the eggs in the follicle. This process usually takes about 15 minutes. After the egg retrieval operation, the eggs will be processed and cultured in the laboratory. Doctors will conduct in vitro fertilization of eggs and sperm, and select the embryo with the most development potential according to the fertilization situation.

Step 3: Embryo culture

After fertilization, the embryo will be cultured in the laboratory. Generally, the embryo will be kept in the incubator for 3-5 days, and the doctor will regularly check and evaluate the quality and development of the embryo. According to the situation of embryo culture, doctors will select the most promising embryos for transplantation or cryopreservation.

Step 4: Embryo transfer

Embryo transfer is the last step in the process of IVF. Three to five days after embryo culture, doctors will transfer the embryos into the patient's uterus under the guidance of hysteroscopy. This is a very simple and less painful operation, usually without anesthesia. After transplantation, patients need to rest and avoid strenuous activities to help the embryo implantation and development in the uterus. After about 10 to 14 days, the patient needs to have a pregnancy check to confirm whether the pregnancy is successful.

Summary

The specific steps of IVF mainly include hormone therapy, egg retrieval, embryo culture and embryo transfer. Among them, hormone therapy promotes the generation of multiple follicles in the ovary. The ovum is extracted for in vitro fertilization by ovum retrieval surgery. During the process of embryo culture, the most promising embryos are selected, and finally the embryos are transferred to the patient's uterus. This process requires close cooperation and monitoring between patients and doctors, and attention should be paid to possible side effects and complications. Through IVF technology, many infertile couples have successfully realized their dream of childbirth.
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