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What are the key steps of IVF technology?

What are the key steps of IVF technology?



Key steps of IVF technology

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a kind of assisted reproduction technology. Through artificial fertilization in the laboratory, the fertilized eggs are planted into the mother's uterus to increase the chance of successful pregnancy. IVF technology has been widely used in many hospitals, and provides a way for couples who cannot conceive naturally to achieve their reproductive aspirations. The key steps of IVF technology will be described in detail below.

1. Ovulation induction

Ovulation induction is the first step of IVF technology. In a normal menstrual cycle, a woman releases only one egg, while IVF technology requires multiple eggs for fertilization. Therefore, doctors will stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs by using ovulation promoting drugs. These drugs can be supplied in various ways, such as injection, herbal medicine or oral medicine. Doctors usually monitor and adjust the dosage and time of drugs in detail to ensure the best results of egg development. Once the ovary develops to the appropriate stage, doctors will use antibody injection to inhibit follicle maturation, thus avoiding the naturally released eggs. The purpose of this step is to collect as many eggs as possible during the egg retrieval process.

2. Egg taking

Fetching eggs is the second key step of IVF technology. The doctor will use a puncture needle to remove the developing follicle in the ovary through the vagina before the egg matures. This process is usually performed under local anesthesia and can usually be completed in the operating room or on the operating table in the operating room. Doctors use ultrasound technology to guide the puncture needle to ensure accurate removal of eggs. The removed eggs will then be transferred to the laboratory for subsequent operations. This process can help doctors to determine the quantity and quality of eggs and prepare for the subsequent fertilization process.

3. Fertilization and culture

In the laboratory, the eggs will be fertilized with sperm. Spermatozoa can be obtained from male donation samples or through other assisted reproductive technologies, such as egg or embryo cryopreservation, sperm extraction, etc. This process is usually carried out in a petri dish, and the doctor will select the most dynamic and normal shape sperm to combine with the egg. Once fertilization occurs, the embryo is cultured in the laboratory. The culture medium provides an appropriate environment for the nutrients needed by the embryo. During the culture process, the doctor will closely monitor the development of the embryo, which usually lasts for 3 to 5 days.

4. Embryo transfer

Embryo transfer is the last step of IVF technology. On the third to fifth days of embryo culture, doctors will select one or two of the best quality embryos to transplant into the mother's uterus. This process is usually performed in the operating room, where doctors use catheters to transfer embryos into the uterus. After transplantation, patients need to continue to take luteinizing hormone and other drugs under the guidance of doctors to help maintain embryo implantation and pregnancy. After about two weeks, a blood test can be performed to confirm whether the pregnancy is successful. To sum up, the key steps of IVF technology include ovulation induction, oocyte retrieval, fertilization and culture, and embryo transfer. These steps need the close cooperation of doctors, laboratory technicians and patients to increase the chances of successful pregnancy and provide hope for those couples who cannot conceive naturally to realize their reproductive dreams.
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