IVF: Does lack of sperm cause problems?
In vitro fertilization (IVF) refers to the process of combining sperm and egg to form an embryo, and then transferring the embryo to the mother's uterus for development. However, when one or both of them lack sperm, how to deal with IVF clinically? This article will elaborate on the source of sperm, sperm donation, egg use and partner selection.
1. Source of sperm: donation and extraction
For patients without sperm, if sperm cannot be extracted from testis or epididymis, they can choose to receive help from sperm donation. In this process, the donor will provide sperm to the required recipient through voluntary sperm donation and strict screening. Hospitals usually choose appropriate donors according to the needs of patients. In addition, for male infertile patients, doctors can also directly obtain sperm through surgery and then use it in the process of IVF.
In some cases, even if male patients lack sperm, doctors may use special techniques to extract a small amount of sperm from the testis or epididymis, and then inject it into the egg through forced movement or micro injection technology. Although the success rate of this method is low, it provides a possibility for those who wish to use their own genetic material.
2. Sperm donation: ethical and legal considerations
Sperm donation is a very important part of IVF. Donors need to be screened through multiple links such as health examination, psychological counseling and genetic counseling. These steps are designed to ensure that donors are free from genetic diseases, sexually transmitted diseases or other potential health problems. In addition, in order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of donors and recipients, hospitals and relevant legal institutions will stipulate the confidentiality and anonymity of the identity of sperm donation, and record the behavior, purpose and time of donors in detail.
Sperm donation is an ethical and legal issue that needs attention. For patients and donors, they may face many tests on the genetic or moral level. Therefore, in the process of sperm donation, hospitals must strictly comply with relevant laws and regulations, and ensure the transparency and fairness of relevant procedures.
3. Egg use and supply
In the process of IVF, besides sperm, eggs are also an indispensable part. For patients with no sperm or poor sperm quality, they can choose to use their own eggs or consider accepting egg donation. Egg donation usually refers to the voluntary donation of young women's own eggs to help patients who are unable to produce or use their own healthy eggs to realize their desire for IVF.
The donation and use of eggs also need to comply with ethical and legal provisions. Donors need to participate in the relevant process anonymously and confidentially, and go through detailed consultation and inspection to ensure their physical and mental health. In terms of hospitals, they need to ensure that the egg acquisition and management process comply with relevant laws and regulations to ensure that the interests of patients and donors are protected to the greatest extent.
4. Partner selection and suggestions
IVF may be a complicated decision for patients without sperm. Understanding and support between partners is critical. Both parties need to interact and communicate, and jointly accept the suggestions and guidance of doctors and professional teams. Sometimes supportive coaching and counseling are also necessary to help patients and their partners go through the IVF process.
In conclusion, if one or both of them lack sperm, IVF is still a viable option. Through sperm donation, egg use and partner support, IVF can help those who want to become parents realize their dreams.
