Specific steps of IVF
IVF is a kind of assisted reproductive technology, which can help couples who cannot conceive naturally realize their desire to have children. The specific steps of IVF will be described in detail from four aspects.
1. Ovulation induction therapy
Ovulation induction therapy is the first step in the IVF program. The goal of this stage is to promote ovarian development through drugs, and to obtain sufficient quantity and quality of eggs.
First, women will receive a detailed physical examination, including the assessment of endocrine hormone levels and ovarian function. Then, from the second to the third day after the start of menstruation, self injection of hormone is started to stimulate ovarian development. The doctor will conduct regular ultrasonic examination and blood test to monitor the ovarian reaction and follicular development. Generally speaking, this process takes about 10 to 14 days.
When the follicles reach sufficient development, doctors will inject human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) to ovulate. About 36 hours later, the eggs can be removed through ovarian puncture.
2. Egg taking and sperm collection
Egg collection and sperm collection are key steps in IVF process. Once the egg is mature, the doctor will use a slender catheter to puncture the ovary through the vagina and extract the egg. This process requires local anesthesia to ensure patient comfort.
At this stage, the male spouse will provide a fresh semen sample. Then, the laboratory will combine sperm and egg, and fertilize them in a petri dish. This process is usually completed within 24 hours after fertilization.
3. Embryo culture
After fertilization, the eggs will continue to be cultured in the laboratory. The time of embryo culture varies according to the doctor's advice and diagnosis. Generally, embryos are incubated in petri dishes for 2 to 6 days.
During this process, laboratory personnel will monitor the development of embryos and evaluate their quality. Usually, only high-quality embryos will be selected for transplantation.
4. Embryo transfer and pregnancy testing
Embryo transfer is the last step in the IVF process. The doctor will select one or more high-quality embryos and place them in the female endometrium with a slender catheter.
Then, women need to wait for a period of time for a pregnancy test to determine whether the pregnancy was successful. Usually, blood tests are performed 12 to 14 days after embryo transfer to detect the presence of chorionic gonadotropin.
In conclusion, the specific steps of IVF include ovulation induction therapy, egg retrieval and sperm collection, embryo culture, embryo transfer and pregnancy testing. These steps require rigorous medical procedures and laboratory techniques to ensure optimal success rates.
Summary
The process of IVF includes ovulation induction therapy, egg retrieval and sperm collection, embryo culture, embryo transfer and pregnancy testing. This assisted reproductive technology provides fertility opportunities for couples who cannot conceive naturally. However, the IVF process requires the professional operation and technical support of doctors and laboratory personnel to ensure the success rate. Each step requires careful monitoring and evaluation in order to obtain high-quality eggs and embryos and improve the chances of successful pregnancy. IVF brings hope to couples who cannot have a natural birth, but it also requires patients to be mentally and physically prepared, and understand the risks and possible outcomes of the whole process.
