Background and development of IVF
IVF baby, also known as IVF baby, refers to the baby whose eggs and sperm are artificially fertilized in vitro and then transplanted into the female uterus through assisted reproductive technology. The emergence of this technology has solved the pain of some infertile couples and brought them the hope of having their own children.
The technology of IVF was first successfully applied to the culture and transplantation of human embryos in Cambridge University, UK, and the world's first IVF was born in 1978. At present, there are many hospitals and institutions around the world providing IVF services, including Johns Hopkins Hospital in the United States and London Reproductive Medicine Center in the United Kingdom.
As the success rate of IVF technology has increased year by year, it has attracted more and more attention and demand from couples. However, IVF also faces many challenges and controversies in ethics, law and psychology.
The process and steps of IVF technology
IVF technology is mainly divided into five steps, including ovarian stimulation, egg collection, sperm treatment, in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.
First, in the ovarian stimulation phase, doctors will use drugs to stimulate women's ovaries to produce multiple follicles. Then, in the egg collection stage, under the guidance of ultrasound, doctors use fine needles to puncture follicles and extract eggs.
Next, in the sperm processing phase, doctors will collect sperm from men, and screen out sperm with good motility and fertilization ability after sperm quality testing and processing.
In the in vitro fertilization stage, sperm and egg are fertilized in vitro in a culture dish to form a fertilized egg. These fertilized eggs will be cultured in petri dishes for 2-5 days until they become embryos.
Finally, through embryo transfer, the doctor will transfer the selected embryo into the female uterus, waiting for the result of pregnancy.
Success and risks of IVF technology
The success rate of IVF technology has increased year by year, and now it has reached the level of 30% to 40%. However, there are certain risks in IVF.
First, due to the need to induce more follicles in the ovary, it may lead to ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, which is characterized by abdominal distension, abdominal pain and other symptoms.
Secondly, the process of sperm collection and ovarian puncture may cause complications such as infection and bleeding. After embryo transfer, abortion, ectopic pregnancy and other complications may occur.
In addition, IVF pregnancy also has the risk of multiple pregnancy, which increases the incidence of premature delivery, low birth weight and other problems.
Influence of IVF on society
The emergence of IVF technology has had a broad impact on society. This technology has brought important choices for infertile couples to realize their wish to have their own children.
At the same time, IVF has also triggered ethical and legal discussions. These include the ethical issues of embryos, the ethical issues of gene screening and the supervision of IVF.
In general, while IVF technology solves the problem of infertility and meets the needs of individual fertility, it also needs to consider its ethical and social impact to ensure a reasonable, safe and fair application.
summary
As an assisted reproductive technology, IVF is gradually becoming one of the important means to solve the problem of infertility. By introducing the background and development of IVF, the process and steps of technology, success and risks, and the impact on society, we can see the remarkable achievements of IVF technology in the medical field, but we also need to pay attention to its ethical and social issues to ensure its scientific, safe, and reasonable development.
