The harm of IVF malformation
IVF refers to the combination of eggs and sperm in the laboratory through assisted reproductive technology, and then transfer the fertilized eggs to the mother's uterus to develop into a fetus. Although IVF technology plays an important role in solving the problem of infertility, IVF malformation is also a problem that cannot be ignored. The harm of IVF malformation is described in detail from four aspects: embryo quality, gene mutation, maternal age and multiple pregnancy.
Embryonic quality
One of the main risks of IVF is the quality of the embryo. During in vitro fertilization, different embryos may have different developmental abilities and risks of genetic diseases. It is difficult to select the best embryo because it is impossible to directly observe the subtle changes inside the embryo. Low quality embryos may lead to implantation failure during transfer, while high-quality embryos have a higher chance of developing into normal babies. Therefore, embryo quality is directly related to the risk of IVF malformation.
In addition, IVF embryos may be interfered by some external factors in the process of in vitro culture, such as the composition of the culture medium, culture time, etc. These factors may have a negative impact on embryo development and increase the risk of malformation.
Gene mutation
In the process of IVF, gene mutation or chromosome abnormality may occur, which is also one of the important reasons for malformation. Since the genetic information of the fertilized embryo comes from the eggs and sperm of the parents, the genetic mutation or chromosome abnormality existing in the parents may be inherited to IVF. Chromosome abnormalities may lead to congenital diseases, such as Down syndrome, which may lead to the occurrence of malformations.
In addition, prenatal gene testing by amniocentesis or villus sampling in IVF pregnancy can partially reduce the risk of malformation caused by gene mutation, but this cannot completely eliminate the possibility of malformation.
Maternal age
Another risk factor for IVF is maternal age. With the growth of women's age, the quality and quantity of eggs will decline, thus increasing the risk of IVF malformation. Some studies have shown that the risk of malformation in IVF is significantly increased for women over 35 years old. In addition, too old women will increase the risk of multiple pregnancy, and multiple pregnancy will further increase the risk of IVF malformation.
Multiple pregnancy
The incidence of multiple pregnancy in IVF is much higher than that in natural pregnancy. Multiple pregnancy not only increases the risk of maternal complications and low birth weight, but also further increases the risk of IVF malformation. The uneven development of the fetus in multiple pregnancy and the high probability of premature delivery and development delay will increase the incidence of malformations.
To sum up, the harm of IVF mainly includes embryo quality, gene mutation, maternal age and multiple pregnancy. In order to reduce the risk of malformation, doctors should carefully screen and evaluate embryos and provide comprehensive genetic counseling. In addition, reducing the occurrence of IVF multiple pregnancy is also one of the important means to reduce the risk of malformation. Finally, the promotion of scientific supervision and relevant policies is also of great significance for the prevention of IVF malformation.
